ECN publicatie:
Titel:
Transfer of energy technologies to Central and Eastern European countries: potentials and economic profitability
 
Auteur(s):
Harmelen, A.K. van; Stoffer, A.; Motahari, M.
 
Gepubliceerd door: Publicatie datum:
ECN Beleidsstudies 1-6-1997
 
ECN publicatienummer: Publicatie type:
ECN-C--97-063 ECN rapport
 
Aantal pagina's: Volledige tekst:
101 Download PDF  (4324kB)

Samenvatting:
Two complementary approaches are followed, analysing the economicprofitable potentials for technology transfer from Western countries to Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries: a micro-economic subsectoral analysis of the potential of technology transfer for key technologies for the Czech Republic and Slovakia and a national analysis of technology deficits and potentials of technology transfer for Bulgaria. The micro-economic analysis shows that the largest scope for technology transfer is foreseen for heat and steam generation technologies in the industrial subsectors chemical, foodstuff and paper and pulp, as e.g. boilers, industrial cogeneration and small-sized engines. The most profitable heat generation technologies in the chemical, foodstuff and paper and pulp industry are cogeneration technologies. The chemical industry shows the lowest investment costs per unit of energy saved, particularly for high capacity units. In the foodstuff industry low capacity units have low investment costs per unit of energy saved and a high economic potential. The national analysis shows that solids could remain an attractive energy carrier in CEE-countries, as a consequence of the low future prices of domestic and imported coal and low end-use prices. Lifetime extension by retrofitting of existing technologies is on the short term crucial to overcome capital scarcity. Cost effective new technologies are hard coal as well as natural gas fired cogeneration technologies. Investments in industrial cogeneration are generally more cost effective than investments in the district heating sector. All cost effective cogeneration technologies are robust under environmental restrictions or improved investment climates. Overcapacity of electricity production delays the introduction of new cogeneration technologies. On the longer term, the prospects for new cogeneration technologies could increase significantly. Increasing end-use prices will be a prerequisite for large investments in new technologies in Central and Eastern European countries. Technology transfer of abatement technologies can provide already on the short term large benefits for donor and recipient parties, since high emission reduction levels can be obtained at relatively low marginal reduction costs. 10 refs.


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